How should I light my kitchen?

Here is a sketch of my future kitchen. I’m not sure how I should light it. I plan on using 4 in LED recessed lights. The ceiling is very low (85 in). So I’m worried if I don’t space the lights correctly, there will be dark spots or shadows that inhibit kitchen work. Thanks in advance for the feedback.

To start with: can you raise the ceiling? A lot of times, there are ceiling joists at 8 feet (96") from subfloor, but then someone built a ~1ft box/soffit which has plumbing, mechanical, lights, electrical, etc. We ripped that box off and were stoked to have done so. I would highly suggest that if you are building a new kitchen, you find out if you can, assuming this applies to you.

Okay, now to answer your question more directly, to the extent that I can (super not a professional here.)

  1. You need ambient light and enough lumens per square foot to match what people expect from kitchens.
  2. You need task lighting to illuminate work areas.
  3. Accent lighting is ideal.

Guides on lumens per square foot differ. Your kitchen is about 153 sq ft, minus upper cabinets. Aim for 30-50 lumens/sq ft for ambient light, so 3000-7250 lumens total.

Consider pendants for additional lighting and plan recessed lights in an L-shaped layout with 5 lights. For task lighting, add under-cabinet lights at ~500 lumens/linear foot. If you prefer, use dimmable LEDs for control over brightness.

@Journey
Thank you for the feedback! Also, how far from the wall would you recommend putting the task lighting over the counter tops?

Haru said:
@Journey
Thank you for the feedback! Also, how far from the wall would you recommend putting the task lighting over the counter tops?

Good question! The ideal placement depends on your setup. Under-cabinet lighting is typically mounted at the front edge of the upper cabinets to minimize shadows and maximize countertop illumination. Ensure lights point directly downward for even coverage. Choose a diffused linear light strip or puck lights for a uniform effect. A spacing of 2-3 inches from the front edge works well, and 4000K lighting is a nice balance for kitchen work.

Ceilings are just very low in this house. I have the ceiling opened up, but there’s no room for raising them. So you’re saying a total of 5 recessed lights and two pendants would take care of that space?

@Haru
Yes, 5 recessed lights and two pendants should provide sufficient ambient lighting (~5000-6000 lumens). Add 1-2 recessed lights over the sink and under-cabinet lighting for task areas. This setup will give balanced and layered illumination.

Which program or website did you use to create the sketch?

Kingsley said:
Which program or website did you use to create the sketch?

This is from a local cabinet builder. I brought my kitchen measurements, and they drew it up and added the cabinets.

Be sure to avoid placing fixtures that cast shadows on work surfaces. Place recessed fixtures above the front edge of countertops. Avoid having lights directly behind you, as this will cast shadows on the counter while you work.